In developing a retirement plan there are several factors to consider in addition to the amount you need or want to save.

1. Income Taxes.

The above discussion did not take into consideration income taxes. You might have to save more if you have to pay income taxes on all or part of your retirement benefit or your contributions. Distributions from qualified employer plans are always subject to retirement income tax. (more…)

Once the investment objectives are set, the next decision involves distribution of the plan’s assets. This process is twofold: selecting the types of assets to be used and then determining the amount to be invested in each type.

In the United States, the preponderance of pension plans is invested in familiar financial assets such as bonds, stocks, and cash equivalents. However, investment is growing in other types of financial instruments, such as guaranteed investment contracts, private placements, venture capital investments and options. (more…)

Cash flow planning is the process by which the flow of income necessary to sustain a given standard of living in retirement is identified and financed. It is perhaps the most critical part of retirement planning. Cash flow planning for retirees depends crucially on two factors: (1) the resource constraints a retiree faces in terms of assets and other retirement income sources and (2) the desires and needs a retiree has for spending in retirement. Both of these, in turn, depend to a great degree on when the planning is done. (more…)

“Portable,” as defined in Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary, means “capable of being transported or conveyed.” A portable retirement account would allow you to move it from one employer to another without any discernible detriment to you. As a rule, employers in either the not-for-profit or the for-profit sector rarely permit employees to bring retirement plans from previous employers to their new positions. On occasion, Congress has debated enacting legislation that would allow for the creation of individual pension accounts that could be moved from one employer to another. (more…)

In this part, we describe the various distribution options that are avail able for the withdrawal of your TIAA-CREF accumulation after you have retired. The rules governing almost all of these options originate in the Code. Again, we will try our best to describe them in nontechnical terms.

The transition from a working environment to retirement poses financial as well as emotional challenges. (more…)

We have alluded to the Transfer Payout Annuity from time to time, and now it gets the attention it clearly deserves. The Transfer Payout Annuity is literally an annuity, and it represents the mechanism by which funds are transferred from a TIAA accumulation to either one of the other investment choices in the TIAA-CREF family or as a taxable distribution after age 59 1/2 to the participant. (more…)

The Group Retirement Account (or “GRA”) and the Group Supplemental Retirement Account (or “GSRA”) resemble the Retirement Annuity account and the Supplemental Retirement Annuity account in many respects. There are, however, some fundamental differences between the group accounts and their nongroup counterparts.

Both the RA and the Group Retirement Account are contracts with TIAA-CREF. (more…)

There are a number of strategies for managing your post retirement income sources. One idea, which I discussed earlier, is to postpone taking Social Security until you reach age 70. A five-year delay is worth about 35 percent more in monthly benefits. You may want to consider buying a five-year immediate annuity to replace the income you are electing to defer from Social Security.

If at all possible, make sure that you avoid penalties on withdrawals from your retirement plans. (more…)

Classification of Pension Plans

There are two main criterions to distinguish Pension Plans. The first criterion is the asset base for the liabilities for benefits promised to plan participants or employees:

1. Pension plans without a fund ( pay as you-go plans)
2. Pension plans with a fund (funded pension plans). (more…)

Americans are increasingly become aware and responsible for their retirement wealth. Many of us are know that the prospect of living with social security income and a employer pension plan is reduced dramatically and not attractive. More and more pensioners and retirees are less put trust on traditional sources of income; saving for retirement and work part time are seen to be more attractive. But the condition for future pensioners and retirees will be getting worsened. Given the desire to build a large nest egg for retirement was the need to build a replacement income. (more…)