Employer-sponsored defined benefit pension plans in which the benefit is defined by account value rather than monthly lifetime retirement income. Cash balance plans are often referred to as “hybrids” because they have some of the characteristics of traditional “defined benefit” (DB) pension plans and some of the characteristics of “defined contribution” (DC) plans, such as 401(k). In general, traditional defined benefit plans promise qualified employees an income benefit for life (or some other period) starting at “normal retirement age,” without regard to how much (or little) the employer must contribute to the plan to fund the benefit. Defined contribution plans, on the other hand, promise only how much the employer will contribute to a qualified employee’s account from time to time until the employee retires but they make no promises with regard to investment earnings or results, let alone a monthly income benefit for life. (more…)

A Roth IRA is the reverse of the traditional IRA, though limits on the amounts you’re allowed to contribute are identical. Unlike with a traditional IRA, you can’t deduct your contribution on your income taxes. However, your money in a Roth IRA grows income tax free and you can withdraw from it income tax free, which for many people can prove an even better deal. (more…)

After my parents moved to Florida in the mid-1980s, Mom and Dad would send us the job ads from the Sunday newspaper. In one letter, Mom circled an ad that she thought was perfect. “Look at this one,” she wrote. “It pays $401,000.” On closer inspection, we realized the job offered a 401k retirement savings plan, not a $401,000 salary. (more…)

The maximum 401k contribution per year to a 401(k) plan in 1998 is not to exceed 25% of compensation. Although there is no legal minimum contribution requirement, in order to reduce the plan’s administrative costs, some plans establish a minimum amount that must be contributed.

There is also a limit on total 401 k contributions that employee and employer together can (more…)

Employees of small businesses often end up left out of employer-sponsored retirement plans simply because small businesses do not have the funds available to provide this type of benefit for their employees or small business owners do not know the different retirement plan options available to them. However, small businesses owners can create simple retirement plans to assist employees in their retirement planning. Below is an outline of two different simple approaches for retirement plan comparison. (more…)